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Oxalosuccinic acid is a substrate of the citric acid cycle. It is acted upon by isocitrate dehydrogenase. Salts and esters of oxalosuccinic acid are known as oxalosuccinates.
Oxalosuccinic acid/oxalosuccinate is an unstable 6-carbon intermediate in the tricarboxylic acid cycle. It's a keto acid, formed during the oxidative decarboxylation of isocitrate to alpha-ketoglutarate, which is catalyzed by the enzyme isocitrate dehydrogenase. Isocitrate is first oxidized by coenzyme NAD+ to form oxalosuccinic acid/oxalosuccinate. Oxalosuccinic acid is both an alpha-keto and a beta-keto acid (an unstable compound) and it is the beta-ketoic property that allows the loss of carbon dioxide in the enzymatic reaction in conversion to the five-carbon molecule 2-oxoglutarate. | ã€ããã©ãã³ (imipramine) ã¯ãæãã€è¬ãšããŠçšããããææ©ååç©ã®äžçš®ãè³å
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Dodecyl acetate or lauryl acetate, CH3COO(CH2)11CH3, is the dodecyl ester of acetic acid. It has a floral odor and is useful as a perfume additive. | ã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã (ammonium)ã¯ãååŠåŒNH4+ã®ååã€ãªã³ã§ããã
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Arecoline is a tetrahydropyridine that is 1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridine with a methyl group at position 1, and a methoxycarbonyl group at position 3. An alkaloid found in the areca nut, it acts as an agonist of muscarinic acetylcholine. It has a role as a muscarinic agonist and a metabolite. It is a tetrahydropyridine, an enoate ester, a pyridine alkaloid and a methyl ester. | ã¢ã¬ã³ãªã³ (arecoline) ã¯ã¢ã«ã«ãã€ãã«åé¡ããã倩ç¶ç©ã®äžçš®ã檳æŠåïŒãã³ããŠãžïŒãã³ã㊠Areca cathechu ã®å®ïŒã«å«ãŸãããè³éŠã®ããæ®çºæ§æ²¹ç¶ç©è³ªã§ãã»ãšãã©ã®ææ©æº¶åªãæ°Žãšæ··åããããå¡©ãæº¶è§£ããæ°Žå±€ããã¯ãžãšãã«ãšãŒãã«ã§æœåºããããšãã§ãããå¡©ã¯çµæ¶ã ãæœ®è§£æ§ãæãããèåæ°ŽçŽ å¡© (Bâ¢HBr) ã¯ç±ãšã¿ããŒã«ããåçµæ¶ãããšèç¹ 177â179âã®çްãè§æ±ç¶çµæ¶ã圢æããå¡©åéé
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Iminodiacetic acid is the organic compound with the formula HN(CH2CO2H)2, often abbreviated to IDA. A white solid, the compound is a dicarboxylic acid amine (the nitrogen atom forms a secondary amino group, not an imino group as the name suggests). The iminodiacetate dianion is a tridentate ligand, forming metal complexes by forming two, fused, five membered chelate rings. The proton on the nitrogen atom can be replaced by a carbon atom of a polymer to create an ion-exchange resin, such as chelex 100. Complexes of IDA and EDTA were introduced in the early 1950s by Schwarzenbach.
IDA forms stronger complexes than the bidentate ligand glycine and weaker complexes than the tetradentate ligand nitrilotriacetic acid. It can also act as a bidentate ligand through its two carboxylate groups. Several technetium-99m complexes are used in cholescintigraphy scans (also known as hepatobiliary iminodiacetic acid scans) to evaluate the health and function of the gallbladder.
Iminodiacetic acid is an important intermediate in one of the two main industrial processes used to manufacture the herbicide glyphosate. It is used in capillary electrophoresis for modulating peptide mobility. It is also used as a precursor for the manufacture of the indicator xylenol orange. | ã€ããäºé
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Chloromethyl methyl ether is an ether. | ã¢ã©ãŸãããã³ïŒè±ïŒAlazopeptinïŒã¯æçç©è³ªã§ãããç©ãããªæããªãããœãŒãäœçšãšæè
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Camphene is a monoterpene with a bicyclic skeleton that is bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane substituted by geminal methyl groups at position 2 and a methylidene group at position 3. It is a widespread natural product found in many essential oils. It has a role as a plant metabolite and a fragrance. It is a monoterpene and a carbobicyclic compound. | ãã¬ãããŸã³ïŒPrednisoneïŒã¯å
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Bromazepam is an organic molecular entity. | ããã©ã·ãªã³(Piperacillin)ã¯åºåã¹ãã¯ãã©ã 㮠β-ã©ã¯ã¿ã æçç©è³ª ãäžã§ããŠã¬ã€ãããã·ãªã³ã»ã¯ã©ã¹ã®ã²ãšã€ã æ¥æ¬ã§ã®è£œååã¯ããã³ãã·ãªã³ã(å¯å±±ååŠå·¥æ¥ãéçºã»å¯å£«ãã€ã«ã å¯å±±ååŠã補é 販売)ãããã©ã·ãªã³ãšãã®ä»ã®ãŠã¬ã€ãããã·ãªã³ã®ååŠæ§é ã¯ã極æ§åŽéãæã€ãããã¯ã°ã©ã é°æ§èã«å¯ŸããŠé«ãæµžéæ§ãšãã°ã©ã é°æ§èβã©ã¯ã¿ããŒãŒã«ããåè§£æåæ§ãäœäžãããã ãããã®æ§è³ªã¯ç
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Adefovir is a natural product found in Apis cerana with data available. | ããããªã³ïŒè±:papaverineïŒãšã¯è¡ç®¡æ¡åŒµã»é®çå€ã®ã²ãšã€ãã±ã·å±ã®æ€ç©ã«å«ãŸããã€ãœãããªã³ç³»ã®ã¢ã«ã«ãã€ãããªããªã€ãäœåæ§ã¯ãªãã
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Pimozide is a member of the class of benzimidazoles that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-benzimidazol-2-one in which one of the nitrogens is substituted by a piperidin-4-yl group, which in turn is substituted on the nitrogen by a 4,4-bis(p-fluorophenyl)butyl group. It has a role as a H1-receptor antagonist, a serotonergic antagonist, a first generation antipsychotic, an antidyskinesia agent and a dopaminergic antagonist. It is a member of benzimidazoles, an organofluorine compound and a heteroarylpiperidine. | äžããªã³é
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Ketamine is a member of the class of cyclohexanones in which one of the hydrogens at position 2 is substituted by a 2-chlorophenyl group, while the other is substituted by a methylamino group. It has a role as an intravenous anaesthetic, a NMDA receptor antagonist, an analgesic, a neurotoxin, an environmental contaminant and a xenobiotic. It is a member of cyclohexanones, a secondary amino compound and a member of monochlorobenzenes. | ãããªã³ïŒLobelineïŒãšã¯ãã³ãã³æ§æ§é ãæããã¢ã«ã«ãã€ãã®äžã€ã§ãããåŒåžè奮è¬ãšããŠçšãããããæ«æ¢¢ã®ååŠå容åšã«äœçšããŠåŒåžè奮äœçšã瀺ãããããªã¢å±ã®æ€ç©ïŒãããªã¢ãœãŠïŒLobelia inflata ïŒãããã«ãºã»ã¿ãã³ïŒLobelia tupa ïŒãã«ãŒãã£ãã«ã»ãã©ã¯ãŒïŒLobelia cardinalis ïŒããªãªãããªã¢ãœãŠïŒLobelia siphilitica ïŒïŒããã·ã¢ã¶ãïŒHippobroma longiflora ïŒããçºèŠããããããŸã«ã¯ã·ïŒLobelia chinensis ïŒã«ãå«ãŸããŠãããçœãç²æ«ç¶ã®ç©è³ªã§ãæ°Žã«ããæº¶ããã | 0 |
Acetazolamide is a sulfonamide, a member of thiadiazoles and a monocarboxylic acid amide. It has a role as a diuretic, an anticonvulsant and an EC 4.2.1.1 (carbonic anhydrase) inhibitor. It is a conjugate acid of an acetazolamide(1-). It derives from a hydride of a 1,3,4-thiadiazole. | ãã·ãªããŒã« (xylitol) ã¯ååŠåŒ C5H12O5 ã§è¡šãããããã·ããŒã¹ããåæãããç³ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ã®äžçš®ãã¡ãœååç©ã§ããã倩ç¶ã®ä»£çšç峿ãšããŠç¥ãããæåã¯ã«ãããããçºèŠããã®ãªã·ã¢èª ÎÏ
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Prochlorperazine is a member of the class of phenothiazines that is 10H-phenothiazine having a chloro substituent at the 2-position and a 3-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)propyl group at the N-10 position. It has a role as an antiemetic, a dopaminergic antagonist, an alpha-adrenergic antagonist, a cholinergic antagonist, a first generation antipsychotic, an EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor and a dopamine receptor D2 antagonist. It is an organochlorine compound, a N-alkylpiperazine, a N-methylpiperazine and a member of phenothiazines. It derives from a hydride of a 10H-phenothiazine. | 次äºå¡©çŽ é
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Chorismic acid, more commonly known as its anionic form chorismate, is an important biochemical intermediate in plants and microorganisms. It is a precursor for:
The aromatic amino acids phenylalanine, tryptophan, and tyrosine
Indole, indole derivatives and tryptophan
2,3-Dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHB) used for enterobactin biosynthesis
The plant hormone salicylic acid
Many alkaloids and other aromatic metabolites.
The folate precursor para-aminobenzoate (pABA)
The biosynthesis of vitamin K and folate in plants and microorganisms.
The name chorismic acid derives from a classical Greek word ÏÏÏÎ¯Î¶Ï meaning "to separate", because the compound plays a role as a branch-point in aromatic amino acid biosynthesis. | 1,2,3,5-ããã©ããããã·ãã³ãŒã³(1,2,3,5-tetrahydroxybenzene)ã¯ããã³ãŒã³ããããŒã«ã®äœçœ®ç°æ§äœã®å
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Octanal is a saturated fatty aldehyde formally arising from reduction of the carboxy group of caprylic acid (octanoic acid). It has a role as a plant metabolite. It is a saturated fatty aldehyde, a n-alkanal and a medium-chain fatty aldehyde. | ããã·ã³ïŒtyrosineïŒãŸãã¯ã4-ããããã·ãã§ãã«ã¢ã©ãã³ (4-hydroxyphenylalanine) ã¯ã现èã§ã®ã¿ã³ãã¯è³ªçåæã«äœ¿ããã22ã®ã¢ããé
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Dobutamine is a catecholamine that is 4-(3-aminobutyl)phenol in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethyl group. A beta1-adrenergic receptor agonist that has cardiac stimulant action without evoking vasoconstriction or tachycardia, it is used as the hydrochloride to increase the contractility of the heart in the management of acute heart failure. It has a role as a cardiotonic drug, a sympathomimetic agent and a beta-adrenergic agonist. It is a secondary amine and a catecholamine. | ãžã¡ã«ã«ãããŒã«ïŒdimercaprolïŒã¯ãééå±äžæ¯ã®è§£æ¯å€ïŒãã¬ãŒãå€ïŒã§ãããåååã¯ãã«ïŒBALïŒã§ãããå
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Cromakalim (INN) is a potassium channel-opening vasodilator. The active isomer is levcromakalim. It acts on ATP-sensitive potassium channels and so causes membrane hyperpolarization. It can be used to treat hypertension as it will relax vascular smooth muscle to lower blood pressure. Hyperpolarisation of smooth muscle cell membranes pulls their membrane potential away from the threshold, so making it more difficult to excite them and thereby cause relaxation. | ãã¿ã³ïŒè±: butaneãè±èªçºé³: [ËbjuËteɪn] ãã¥ãŒãã€ã³ïŒã¯ãçåæ°ŽçŽ ã®äžçš®ã§ãççŽ 4åãçŽéç¶ã«é£ãªã£ãã¢ã«ã«ã³ã§ãããn-ãã¿ã³ãšãåŒã°ãããç¡è²äžå¿«èã§ãããåžžæž©ã»åžžå§ã§æ°äœã§ãããæ§é ç°æ§äœãšããŠã€ãœãã¿ã³ïŒ2-ã¡ãã«ãããã³ãiso-ãã¿ã³ïŒãããããããã¯ç°æ§äœãæã€ã¢ã«ã«ã³ã§ã¯æãå°ãããå¯çæ§ç©è³ªã§ãããå§çž®ããŠæ¶²åããç¶æ
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Bis(chloromethyl) ether is an ether that is dimethyl ether in which one of the hydrogens attached to each of the methyl group has replaced by a chlorine. It has a role as a carcinogenic agent and an alkylating agent. It is an ether and an organochlorine compound. | ãžã³ã²ãã³ïŒè±: ZingeroneïŒã¯ååŠåŒC11H14O3ã§è¡šãããææ©ååç©ããžã³ã²ãã³ã®åç§°ã¯ãžããã³ç€Ÿã®ç»é²åæšã§ãããå¥åã¯ãããªã«ã¢ã»ãã³ã倩ç¶ã«ã¯ã·ã§ãŠã¬ã®æ ¹ãèã«ååšããã·ã§ãŠã¬ã®äž»èŠãªéŠãæåã®1ã€ã§ãããèŸã¿ã¯æããªããçµæ¶æ§ã®åºäœã§ãæ°Žã«åŸ®æº¶ã§ããããšãŒãã«ã«æº¶ããã | 0 |
Levamisole is a 6-phenyl-2,3,5,6-tetrahydroimidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazole that has S configuration. It is used (generally as the monohydrochloride salt) to treat parasitic worm infections in pigs, sheep and cattle and was formerly used in humans as an adjuvant to chemotherapy for the treatment of various cancers. It is also widely used as an adulterant to coccaine. It has a role as an antinematodal drug, an antirheumatic drug, an immunomodulator, an immunological adjuvant and an EC 3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase) inhibitor. It is an enantiomer of a dexamisole. | ã·ã¹ãã³ïŒè±: cystineïŒã¯ãã¢ããé
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žåã«ãã£ãŠçæãããžã¹ã«ãã£ãçµå (SâS) ãä»ããŠç¹ãã£ãæ§é ãæã€ã®ã§ãå
åŠç°æ§äœãæããããªãã倩ç¶ã«å€ãååšããã®ã¯LäœïŒR,RâäœïŒã§ãããã·ã¹ãã³ã¯ãæšæºç¶æ
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Diphenyl carbonate is a carbonate ester that is the diphenyl ester of carbonic acid. | ããã¬ããŒã« (pyrogallol) ã¯ããã³ãŒã³ã®1,2,3äœã®æ°ŽçŽ ãããããã·ã«åºã«çœ®æããææ©ååç©ã§ã3䟡ãã§ããŒã«ã§ãããå¥åãçŠæ§æ²¡é£åé
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Okadaic acid, C44H68O13, is a toxin produced by several species of dinoflagellates, and is known to accumulate in both marine sponges and shellfish. One of the primary causes of diarrhetic shellfish poisoning, okadaic acid is a potent inhibitor of specific protein phosphatases and is known to have a variety of negative effects on cells. A polyketide, polyether derivative of a C38 fatty acid, okadaic acid and other members of its family have shined light upon many biological processes both with respect to dinoflagellete polyketide synthesis as well as the role of protein phosphatases in cell growth. | ãšãã·ã¿ãã³ïŒEnocitabineïŒã¯ãããªããžã³å¡©åºã¢ããã°ã®æããå€ã®äžã€ã§ãããã·ã¿ã©ãã³ã«ãããã€ã«åºïŒCH3-(CH2)20-CO-ïŒãã¢ããçµåããŠãããçœè¡ç
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Rishitin is a terpenoid compound, produced by some plants belonging to the Solanum family, including the potato and tomato. Rishitin belongs to a heterogeneous group of anti-microbial plant defense compounds termed phytoalexins and is produced upon pathogen attack. Same as the phytoalexin capsidiol, it belongs to the group of sesquiterpenes and is as such an FPP derivative.
Rishitin was named after the potato cultivar Rishiri, where it was first discovered in 1968. | ã¢ã¶ããªããªã³ïŒAzathioprineïŒãšã¯å
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Benznidazole is an antiparasitic medication used in the treatment of Chagas disease. While it is highly effective in early disease, the effectiveness decreases in those who have long-term infection. It is the first-line treatment given its moderate side effects compared to nifurtimox. It is taken by mouth.
Side effects are fairly common. They include rash, numbness, fever, muscle pain, loss of appetite, and trouble sleeping. Rare side effects include bone marrow suppression which can lead to low blood cell levels. It is not recommended during pregnancy or in people with severe liver or kidney disease. Benznidazole is in the nitroimidazole family of medication and works by the production of free radicals.
Benznidazole came into medical use in 1971. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. As of 2012, Laboratório Farmacêutico do Estado de Pernambuco, a government run pharmaceutical company in Brazil was the only producer. | ç¡«é
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Bacampicillin is a penicillanic acid ester that is the 1-ethoxycarbonyloxyethyl ester of ampicillin. It is a semi-synthetic, microbiologically inactive prodrug of ampicillin. It has a role as a prodrug. It is functionally related to an ampicillin. | å°¿çŽ ïŒã«ããããè±: ureaïŒã¯ãææ©ååç©ã§ãçäœã®ä»£è¬ã«äœ¿ããå°¿äžã«ææ³ããããã«ã«ããããšããããç¡æ©ååç©ããåããŠåæãããææ©ååç©ãšããŠãææ©ååŠå²äžãéèŠãªç©è³ªã§ããã | 0 |
Beryllium oxide is a beryllium molecular entity consisting of beryllium (+2 oxidation state) and oxide in the ratio 1:1. In the solid state, BeO adopts the hexagonal wurtzite structure form while in the vapour phase, it is present as discrete diatomic covalent molecules. It has a role as a carcinogenic agent. It is a beryllium molecular entity and a metal oxide. | ããããã£ã³å¡©é
žå¡©ïŒbutenafine hydrochlorideïŒã¯ããã³ãžã«ã¢ãã³ç³»æçèè¬ã§ãããåååã¡ã³ã¿ãã¯ã¹ïŒMentaxïŒããããã¢ãªã«ã¢ãã³ç³»æçèè¬ã®ãã«ãããã£ã³ã®é¡çžäœã§ããã | 0 |
Octane is a straight chain alkane composed of 8 carbon atoms. It has a role as a xenobiotic. | ã¢ã©ã³ãã€ã³ (Allantoin) ã¯ãC4H6N4O3ã®çµæãæããååç©ã§ãã°ãªãªãã·ã«é
žã®ãžãŠã¬ã€ãã§ãããå¥åã5-ãŠã¬ã€ãããã³ãã€ã³ãã°ãªãªãã·ãžãŠã¬ã€ãããšãç§°ããããèç¹230床 (â) ã®ç¡è²éæã®çµæ¶æ§ã®åºäœã§ãæ°Žã«æº¶ããããã | 0 |
Adefovir is a member of the class of phosphonic acids that is methylphosphonic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens has been replaced by a 2-(6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)ethoxy group. An inhibitor of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase, the bis(t-butoxycarbonyloxymethyl) ester (dipivoxil ester) prodrug is used to treat chronic hepatitis B viral infection. It has a role as a HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor, a drug metabolite, an antiviral drug, a nephrotoxic agent and a DNA synthesis inhibitor. It is a member of 6-aminopurines, an ether and a member of phosphonic acids. It is functionally related to an adenine. It is a conjugate acid of an adefovir(1-). | ãããªã³é
ž(ãããªã³ãããQuinolinic acid, QA, QUIN)ã¯ãããªãããã¡ã³ã®ä»£è¬çµè·¯ã§ããããã¬ãã³çµè·¯ã«ããã代è¬ç©ã®ã²ãšã€ã§ããã
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catechin hydrate(è±)ãã¯ã«ã¯ãã³ãEGCGãªã©ã®å€©ç¶ãã§ããŒã«ã¯ãæé
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žã®ç¥çµæ¯æ§ãæžå°ããããšèããããã | 0 |
Miconazole is a natural product found in Trichoderma brevicompactum, Hassallia byssoidea, and Micromonospora echinospora with data available. | ãã£ããºã«ãã³ïŒphyllodulcinïŒã¯ãååŠæ§é äžã¯ãžãããã€ãœã¯ããªã³é¡ã«åé¡ãããææ©ååç©ã®1ã€ã§ããããã£ããºã«ãã³ããããå®èœè©Šéšãããšçå³ãæãããããã®ã®ããã€ãŠäººå·¥ç峿ãšããŠçšããããŠãããºã«ãã³ïŒ4-ãšããã·ãã§ãã«å°¿çŽ ïŒãšã¯å¥ã®ç©è³ªã§ããã | 0 |
Pantoprazole is a member of the class of benzimidazoles that is 1H-benzimidazole substituted by a difluoromethoxy group at position 5 and a [(3,4-dimethoxypyridin-2-yl)methyl]sulfinyl group at position 2. It has a role as an anti-ulcer drug, an EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor, a xenobiotic and an environmental contaminant. It is a member of benzimidazoles, a member of pyridines, an aromatic ether, an organofluorine compound and a sulfoxide. It is a conjugate acid of a pantoprazole(1-). | ããããªã³é
žãšãã«ïŒããããªã³ãããšãã« è±: ethyl propionate
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žãšã¹ãã«ã®äžçš®ããããããã€ãããã«ã®ãããªæå®éŠãæã¡ãé£åéŠæãªã©ã«çšããããã倩ç¶ã«ã¯çœãããŠãã¯ã€ã³ãããŠã€ãã«ãŒããã€ããŽãªã©ã«ååšãããæ¶é²æ³ã«å®ãã第4é¡å±éºç© 第1ç³æ²¹é¡ã«è©²åœããã | 0 |
Sorbitol is a natural product found in Stypocaulon, Salacia chinensis, and other organisms with data available. | ã¢ãã¢ãã»ãã³ïŒè±èª: AtomoxetineïŒã¯ãã«ã¢ãã¬ããªã³ååã蟌ã¿é»å®³å€ã®äžçš®ã§ãããæ¥æ¬ã§ã¯åååã¹ãã©ãã©ãæ¥æ¬ã§ã®é©å¿ã¯æ³šææ¬ é¥å€åæ§é害(ADHD)ã§ãããå»è¬åãå»çæ©åšçã®å質ãæå¹æ§åã³å®å
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Triethanolamine is a tertiary amino compound that is ammonia in which each of the hydrogens is substituted by a 2-hydroxyethyl group. It has a role as a buffer and a surfactant. It is a tertiary amino compound, a triol and an amino alcohol. It is functionally related to a triethylamine. It is a conjugate base of a triethanolammonium. | ããªã©ã±ãã³ (è±: Perilla ketone) ã¯ã倩ç¶ååç©ã®äžã€ããã©ã³ç°ã®3äœã«ã±ãã³åºãå«ã6ççŽ ã®åŽéã®ã€ããæ§é ããã¡ããã«ããã€ãã«åé¡ããããç¡è²æ²¹ç¶ã ãé
žçŽ ãšåå¿ãããããæéçµéã«ã€ãè²ãã€ãã1943幎ã«ãšãŽã (Perilla frutescens) ã®ç²Ÿæ²¹äžããåé¢åå®ããããããªã©ã±ãã³ã¯ãšãŽãã®èãçš®åã«å«ãŸããåç©ã«å¯Ÿããæ¯æ§ããããæŸç§äžã«ãŠã·ããŠãããšãŽããé£ã¹ããšããªã©ã±ãã³ã«ããèºæ°Žè
«ãåŒãèµ·ããããšãŽãäžæ¯ãšåŒã°ããããšãããã | 0 |
Limonin is a limonoid, an epoxide, a hexacyclic triterpenoid, a member of furans, an organic heterohexacyclic compound and a lactone. It has a role as a metabolite, an inhibitor and a volatile oil component. | ãµãªã·ã³ (Salicin) ã¯ãD-ã°ã«ã³ãŒã¹ãå«ãã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«æ§ã®Î²-ã°ã«ã³ã·ãã§ããããµãªãã«ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ãã¢ã°ãªã³ã³ãšããããµãªã·ã³ã¯ãã¹ãŠã®ã€ãã®ã®æš¹ç®ã§ç£çããæççæ§ã®ã°ã«ã³ã·ãã§ããã | 0 |
Trichlormethiazide is a benzothiadiazine, hydrogenated at positions 2, 3 and 4 and substituted with an aminosulfonyl group at C-7, a chloro substituent at C-6 and a dichloromethyl group at C-3 and with S-1 as an S,S-dioxide. A sulfonamide antibiotic, it is used as a diuretic to treat oedema (including that associated with heart failure) and hypertension. It has a role as a diuretic and an antihypertensive agent. It is a benzothiadiazine and a sulfonamide antibiotic. | ã¢ã©ããžãã³ïŒAranidipineãINNãåæšåïŒSaprestaïŒã¯ãã«ã«ã·ãŠã æ®æå€ã§ããã | 0 |
5-Methyluridine is a natural product found in Drosophila melanogaster, Homo sapiens, and other organisms with data available. | ãªãªã¶ãªã³ïŒè±ïŒOryzalinïŒã¯ãžãããã¢ããªã³ç³»é€èå€ã§ããã埮å°ç®¡ã®ç Žå£ïŒè§£éåïŒã«ãã£ãŠäœçšããæ€ç©çްèã®ç°æ¹çæé·ãé»å®³ãããã³ã«ããã³ã®ä»£çšãšããŠæ€ç©ã®åæ°äœã®èªå°ã«ã䜿çšã§ããã | 0 |
Diborane(4) is a diborane. | ã¬ããã³ãã³ïŒè±: GabapentinïŒã¯ãGABAèªå°äœã®æãŠãããè¬ã§ãããæ¥æ¬ã§ã¯åååã¬ããã³ã§æãŠãããè¬ãšããŠæµéããŠããããããã©ãã°ã§ããã¬ããã³ãã³ ãšãã«ã«ãã«ïŒåååïŒã¬ã°ãã€ãïŒã¯ããããèçåçŸ€ã®æ²»çè¬ãšããŠè²©å£²ãããã | 0 |
Thymol is a natural product found in Acanthospermum australe, Humulus lupulus, and other organisms with data available. | ã«ã³ã¿ãªãžã³ïŒè±èª: cantharidinïŒã¯ããšãŒãã«ã»ãã«ããã€ãã«åé¡ãããææ©ååç©ã®äžçš®ãã«ã«ãã³é
žç¡æ°Žç©ãå«ãæ§é ãæã€ã嫿ããæè«ã®äžã€ãžã§ãŠã«ã€ãã³ç§ïŒCantharidaeïŒã«ã¡ãªã¿åœåããããããšãŒã«=ãžã£ã³ã»ããã±ã1810幎ã«åããŠã«ã³ã¿ãªãžã³ãåé¢ããã
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ãšãŒãããã«ååžãããããã³ãã§ãŠç§ã®ã¹ãããã·ã¥ãã©ã€ïŒLytta vesicatoriaïŒããžã§ãŠã«ã€ãã³ç§ã®ã«ã³ã¿ãªã¹ã»ãŠã§ã·ã«ããªã¢ïŒCantharis vesicatoriaïŒãæ¥æ¬ã§ã¯ãã¡ãã³ãã§ãŠïŒEpicauta gorhamiïŒãªã©ãã«ã³ã¿ãªãžã³ãæã€æè«ãšããŠæåã§ãããã«ã³ã¿ãªã¹ã»ãŠã§ã·ã«ããªã¢ã¯ 0.6% â 1% ã®ã«ã³ã¿ãªãžã³ãå«ãã | 0 |
Chelidonine is an alkaloid fundamental parent, a benzophenanthridine alkaloid and an alkaloid antibiotic. | ã±ãªããã³ïŒïŒè±èªãChelidonineïŒã¯ãã¯ãµããªãŠïŒChelidonium majusïŒã«å«æãããŠãããã¢ã«ã«ãã€ãã®1çš®ã§ããã | 1 |
Benzonatate, sold under the brand name Tessalon among others, is a medication that is used for the symptomatic relief of cough. A 2023 systematic review found that there is inadequate evidence to support the effectiveness and safety of benzonatate for cough and highlighted rising safety concerns. Benzonatate is taken by mouth. Effects generally begin within 20 minutes and last 3 to 8 hours.
Side effects include sleepiness, dizziness, headache, upset stomach, skin rash, hallucinations, and allergic reactions. Overdosage can result in serious adverse effects including seizures, irregular heartbeat, cardiac arrest, and death. Overdose of only a small number of capsules can be fatal. Chewing or sucking on the capsule, releasing the drug into the mouth, can also lead to laryngospasm, bronchospasm, and circulatory collapse. It is unclear if use in pregnancy or breastfeeding is safe. Benzonatate is a local anesthetic and voltage-gated sodium channel blocker. It is theorized to work by inhibiting stretch receptors in the lungs, in turn suppressing the cough reflex in the brain. Benzonatate is structurally related to other local anesthetics like procaine and tetracaine.
Benzonatate was discovered in 1956 and was approved for medical use in the United States in 1958. It is available as a generic medication. Availability worldwide is limited, with the drug remaining marketed only in the United States and Mexico. In 2022, it was the 130th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 4 million prescriptions. | ã¡ã¿ã¯ãªã«ã¢ããïŒè±èª: methacrylamideïŒã¯ãååŠåŒã CH2=C(CH3)C(O)NH2 ã®ææ©ååç©ã§ãããç¡è²ãŸãã¯çœè²ã®åºäœã§ãããªããŒãã³ããªããŒã補é ããããã®ã¢ãããŒã§ããããã®äžéšã¯ãã€ããã²ã«ã«äœ¿çšããããã¡ã¿ã¯ãªã«ã¢ããã¯ã¡ã¿ã¯ãªã«é
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Tropicamide is a member of acetamides. | ãžã¯ã¯ãã (diquat) ãšã¯ããããªãžããŠã ç³»ã«åé¡ãããééžæåœ¢é€èå€ã®1ã€ãã€ã®ãªã¹ã®äŒæ¥ããã©ã³ãã»ãããã¯ã·ã§ã³ãéçºããã
ãã©ã³ãŒããšåãããã¢ã«ãã«ãããªãžããŠã å¡©ã«åé¡ããããååç©ãšããŠã®å称㯠1,1'-ãšãã¬ã³-2,2'-ãããªãžããŠã ãžããããã§ããã | 0 |
2,3-dihydrofuran is a dihydrofuran. | ã¢ããã·ã³ (Anabasine) ãšã¯ãã³ãã³ã®é¡çžååç©ã§ãã³ããã€ãã®äžçš®ã§ãããå
åŠæŽ»æ§ååç©ã§ã倩ç¶ã«ååšããã®ã¯ (S)-(-)äœã§CASç»é²çªå·ã¯ [494-52-0]ãé倩ç¶åã® (R)-(+)äœã¯ [34366-21-7]ãã©ã»ãäœã¯ [13078-04-1] ã§ããã(S)-(-)äœã®æ¯æå
床 [α]D20 㯠â83.1°ãã¢ã«ã¶ç§ã¢ããã·ã¹å±ã®æ€ç© (Anabasis aphylla)ãåç±³åç£ã®ãããã¿ãã³ (Nicotiana glauca) ã«å«ãŸãããããªãã³ãã³ãšãããã | 0 |
Sulbactam is a β-lactamase inhibitor. This drug is given in combination with β-lactam antibiotics to inhibit β-lactamase, an enzyme produced by bacteria that destroys the antibiotics.
It was patented in 1977 and approved for medical use in 1986. | é
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Lactucin is an azulenofuran that is 3-methylidene-3,3a,4,5,9a,9b-hexahydroazuleno[4,5-b]furan-2,7-dione carrying additional hydroxy, methyl and hydroxymethyl substituents at positions 4, 6 and 9 respectively (the 3aR,4S,9aS,9bR-diastereomer). Found in chicory. It has a role as an antimalarial, a sedative and a plant metabolite. It is a sesquiterpene lactone, an azulenofuran, a cyclic terpene ketone, an enone, a primary alcohol and a secondary alcohol. | ã©ã¯ãã¥ã·ã³ïŒLactucinãã©ã¯ãã·ã³ïŒã¯ãçœè²çµæ¶æ§åºäœã圢æããèŠå³ç©è³ªã§ãããã»ã¹ããã«ãã³ã©ã¯ãã³é¡ã«åé¡ããããã¬ã¿ã¹ã®äžéšã®åçš®ã«å«ãŸããã©ã¯ãã«ãªãŠã ã®åæã®1ã€ãšããããã©ã¯ãã¥ã·ã³ã¯ç¡ç ãé®çãé®éäœçšã瀺ãããšãæããã«ãããŠããããŸããæãã©ãªã¢äœçšã瀺ããã©ã¯ãã¥ã·ã³ã¯ãããœãœã³ãŒããŒã«ãå«ãŸããã
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Mexazolam is an oxazolobenzodiazepine and a hemiaminal ether. | ã·ãªã³ã¬ã¢ã«ããã(Syringaldehyde)ã¯ã倩ç¶ã«ååšããè³éŠæã¢ã«ãããã§ãããã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ã«æº¶è§£ãããããçš®ã®æè«ã¯ãã·ãªã³ã¬ã¢ã«ããããååŠã³ãã¥ãã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ã·ã¹ãã ã«å©çšããã
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Fluoroacetic acid is a haloacetic acid that is acetic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by fluorine. It has a role as an EC 4.2.1.3 (aconitate hydratase) inhibitor. It is an organofluorine compound and a haloacetic acid. It is a conjugate acid of a fluoroacetate. | ãµãã«ããžã³ïŒSanilvudine, JANïŒãŸãã¯ã¹ã¿ããžã³ïŒStavudine, USAN/INNïŒã¯ãHIV/AIDSã®äºé²ãšæ²»çã«äœ¿çšãããæã¬ãããŠã€ã«ã¹è¬ã®äžã€ã§ããããã¯ã¬ãªã·ãç³»ã¢ããã°é転åé
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Phenol is a natural product found in Aspergillus violaceofuscus, Scrophularia buergeriana, and other organisms with data available. | ããã¬ãã³(Kynurenine)ã¯ãããªãããã¡ã³ãããã€ã¢ã·ã³ãçåæããããã¬ãã³çµè·¯ã«ãããäž»èŠãªä»£è¬äžéäœã®ã²ãšã€ã§ãããã¢ããé
žã®ã²ãšã€ã§(äŒçµ±çèšæ³ãçšãããš)DäœãšLäœã®2ã€ã®ãšãã³ããªããŒãååšããã | 0 |
Finasteride is an aza-steroid that is a synthetic drug for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. It has a role as an androgen antagonist, an EC 1.3.1.22 [3-oxo-5alpha-steroid 4-dehydrogenase (NADP(+))] inhibitor and an antihyperplasia drug. It is an aza-steroid, a 3-oxo steroid and a delta-lactam. It derives from a hydride of a 5alpha-androstane. | ãã¥ãã³ (è±: cubaneãäž: ç«æ¹ç·) ã¯ã8åã®ççŽ ååãç«æ¹äœã®åé ç¹ã«é
眮ãããããããã®ççŽ ååã«æ°ŽçŽ ååã1åãã€çµåããæ§é ãæã€çåæ°ŽçŽ ååã§ãããååãç«æ¹äœã®åœ¢ãããŠããããšãããã®åãã€ãããããåååŒã¯C8H8ãIUPACåœåæ³ã§ã¯ãã³ã¿ã·ã¯ã[4.2.0.02,5.03,8.04,7]ãªã¯ã¿ã³ãCASç»é²çªå·ã¯ 277-10-1ã | 0 |
Paroxetine is a benzodioxole that consists of piperidine bearing 1,3-benzodioxol-5-yloxy)methyl and 4-fluorophenyl substituents at positions 3 and 4 respectively; the (3S,4R)-diastereomer. Highly potent and selective 5-HT uptake inhibitor that binds with high affinity to the serotonin transporter (Ki = 0.05 nM). Ki values are 1.1, 350 and 1100 nM for inhibition of [3H]-5-HT, [3H]-l-NA and [3H]-DA uptake respectively. Displays minimal affinity for alpha1-, alpha2- or beta-adrenoceptors, 5-HT2A, 5-HT1A, D2 or H1 receptors at concentrations below 1000 nM, however displays weak affinity for muscarinic ACh receptors (Ki = 42 nM). Antidepressant and anxiolytic in vivo. It has a role as an antidepressant, an anxiolytic drug, a serotonin uptake inhibitor, a hepatotoxic agent and a P450 inhibitor. It is a member of piperidines, a member of benzodioxoles, an organofluorine compound and an aromatic ether. It is functionally related to a monofluorobenzene. It is a conjugate base of a paroxetinium(1+). | ãã¬ããã€ã³ïŒè±èª: TretinoinïŒã¯ããã¿ãã³Aèªå°äœã®äžçš®ã§ãããäºéçµåããã¹ãŠãã©ã³ã¹åããšã£ãã¬ããã€ã³é
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Chlorfenapyr is a pesticide, and specifically a pro-insecticide (meaning it is metabolized into an active insecticide after entering the host), derived from a class of microbially produced compounds known as halogenated pyrroles. | ãã³ãŸãããªã«(benzonitrile)ã¯ãè³éŠæååç©ã§ããã³ãŒã³ã®æ°ŽçŽ ååã®äžã€ããããªã«åºã§çœ®æããæ§é ãæã€ãçç¥ããŠPhCNãšãæžãããããã®ååç©ã¯ç¡è²éæã®æ¶²äœã§ãçãã¢ãŒã¢ã³ãèãæã€ããã³ãºã¢ããã®è±æ°Žåå¿ããããã¢ãã³ãŒã³ãšã·ã¢ã³åãããªãŠã ã®åå¿ã§åæããããæ¶é²æ³ã«å®ãã第4é¡å±éºç© 第3ç³æ²¹é¡ã«è©²åœãããæ¯ç©åã³åç©åç· æ³ã®åç©ã«è©²åœããã | 0 |
Acrylamide (or acrylic amide) is an organic compound with the chemical formula CH2=CHC(O)NH2. It is a white odorless solid, soluble in water and several organic solvents. From the chemistry perspective, acrylamide is a vinyl-substituted primary amide (CONH2). It is produced industrially mainly as a precursor to polyacrylamides, which find many uses as water-soluble thickeners and flocculation agents.
Acrylamide forms in burnt areas of food, particularly starchy foods like potatoes, when cooked with high heat, above 120 °C (248 °F). Despite health scares following its discovery in 2002, and its classification as a probable carcinogen, acrylamide from diet is thought unlikely to cause cancer in humans; Cancer Research UK categorized the idea that eating burnt food causes cancer as a "myth". | ã¢ãŸãã·ãã³ãŒã³ïŒazoxybenzeneïŒã¯ãååŠåŒC6H5N(O)NC6H5ã®ææ©ååç©ã§ãããé»è²ã®äœèç¹åºäœãååäžã®C2N2Oæ§é ã¯å¹³é¢ã§ãããNâNããã³NâOçµåé·ã¯ã»ãŒåã1.23 Ã
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Marmesin is a member of psoralens and a tertiary alcohol. | ã¢ã¢ãã·ã·ãªã³ (amoxicillin) ã¯ãçŽ°èææçã®æ²»çã«çšãããããβ-ã©ã¯ã¿ã ç³»æçç©è³ªã®äžã€ã§ãããããã·ãªã³ç³»æçç©è³ªã«å±ããã | 0 |
Fenbufen is a member of biphenyls and a 4-oxo monocarboxylic acid. It has a role as a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. | ã©ã¯ãããŒã¹ïŒã©ã¯ãã¥ããŒã¹ãšããLactuloseïŒã¯ãæ
¢æ§äŸ¿ç§ãèæ§è³çãªã©ã®æ²»çã«çšããããéæ¶åæ§ã®åæç³ã§ãããã¬ã©ã¯ããŒã¹ãšãã«ã¯ããŒã¹ãβ-1,4-ã°ãªã³ã·ãçµåããäºç³ã§ãããã©ã¯ããŒã¹ã®ç°æ§åã«ããçç£ããããã©ã¯ãããŒã¹ã¯ãçã®çä¹³äžã«ã¯å«ãŸããªãããå ç±ã§çãããå ç±ããã°ããã»ã©å€ãçããäœæž©æ®ºèçä¹³ã§ã¯3.5 mg/lã容åšå
殺èçä¹³ã§ã¯744 mg/lã«ãªãã | 0 |
Pyridoxine is a hydroxymethylpyridine with hydroxymethyl groups at positions 4 and 5, a hydroxy group at position 3 and a methyl group at position 2. The 4-methanol form of vitamin B6, it is converted intoto pyridoxal phosphate which is a coenzyme for synthesis of amino acids, neurotransmitters, sphingolipids and aminolevulinic acid. It has a role as a cofactor, a human metabolite, a Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite, an Escherichia coli metabolite and a mouse metabolite. It is a monohydroxypyridine, a vitamin B6, a member of methylpyridines and a hydroxymethylpyridine. | å¥åãããã©ãšãã«ããŠã©ã ãžã¹ã«ãã£ããæé
è¬ãšããŠã®åååã¯ããã¯ãã³ã欧米ã§ã¯ã¢ã³ã¿ãã¥ãŒã¹ïŒAntabuse, AntabusïŒã®åã§åžè²©ãããŠãããæ¥æ¬ã§ã¯ãã¡ãã®åç§°ã§ãç¥ãããŠããã | 0 |
Carbamate is an amino-acid anion. It is a conjugate base of a carbamic acid. | ããããµãªã³(Tepoxalin)ã¯ãã¢ã¡ãªã«åè¡åœã𿬧å·é£åã§ãç¬ãžã®äœ¿çšãèªå¯ãããéã¹ããã€ãæ§æççè¬ã§ããã
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Estrone is a natural product found in Perilla frutescens, Punica granatum, and other organisms with data available. | ã¬ã»ã«ãã³ïŒè±: reserpineïŒãšã¯ã¢ãã¬ããªã³äœåæ§ãã¥ãŒãã³é®æè¬ã®äžã€ãã·ããã¹å°èãžã®ã«ãã³ãŒã«ã¢ãã³ãã»ãããã³ã®åã蟌ã¿ãæå¶ãããã®çµæãããããã·ããã¹å°èå
ã«ãããŠæ¯æžããããšã«ãã£ãŠäœçšããã粟ç¥å®å®å€ãè¡å§éäžå€ãšããŠçšãããããã¬ã»ã«ãã³ã¯æšççµç¹ãžååžããŠããæ¶å€±ãããŸã§ã®æéãçãã«ããããããã广ãé·ãç¶ãããã®ãããªå¹æãã²ãéã广ãšåŒã¶ã | 0 |
Asparagine is an alpha-amino acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-carbon of glycine is substituted by a 2-amino-2-oxoethyl group. It has a role as a Daphnia magna metabolite and an algal metabolite. It is an alpha-amino acid, a dicarboxylic acid monoamide and a polar amino acid. It contains a 2-amino-2-oxoethyl group. It is a conjugate base of an asparaginium. It is a conjugate acid of an asparaginate. | ã¢ã¹ãã©ã®ã³ïŒè±: asparagineïŒã¯ãã¢ããé
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Emetine is a pyridoisoquinoline comprising emetam having methoxy substituents at the 6'-, 7'-, 10- and 11-positions. It is an antiprotozoal agent and emetic. It inhibits SARS-CoV2, Zika and Ebola virus replication and displays antimalarial, antineoplastic and antiamoebic properties. It has a role as an antiprotozoal drug, a plant metabolite, an antiviral agent, an emetic, a protein synthesis inhibitor, an antimalarial, an antineoplastic agent, an autophagy inhibitor, an antiinfective agent, an expectorant, an anticoronaviral agent and an antiamoebic agent. It is a pyridoisoquinoline and an isoquinoline alkaloid. It is functionally related to a cephaeline. It is a conjugate base of an emetine(2+). It derives from a hydride of an emetan. | ã¬ããããã«ã€ã³ã¯ãã¢ããåã®å±æéº»é
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Foscarnet (phosphonomethanoic acid), known by its brand name Foscavir, is an antiviral medication which is primarily used to treat viral infections involving the Herpesviridae family. It is classified as a pyrophosphate analog DNA polymerase inhibitor. Foscarnet is the conjugate base of a chemical compound with the formula HO2CPO3H2 (Trisodium phosphonoformate).
Foscarnet was approved for medical use in 1991. It is available as a generic medication. | ãžã¯ããã§ãã¯ïŒè±: DiclofenacïŒã¯ããã§ãã«é
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Diclofenacãšèšãååã¯ã2-ïŒ2-ïŒ2,6-dichlorophenylaminoïŒphenylïŒacetic acidããåœåãããã | 0 |
Humulone is a natural product found in Humulus lupulus with data available. | ãã«ã©ãŒãã (flurazepam) ãšã¯ããã³ãŸãžã¢ãŒãã³ç³»ã®ç¡ç å°å
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Cholesterol is a natural product found in Acanthus ilicifolius, Amaranthus hybridus, and other organisms with data available. | ããã·ãªã³(Nafcillin)ã¯ãçã¹ãã¯ãã«ã®ããã·ãªã³ç³»Î²-ã©ã¯ã¿ã ç³»æçç©è³ªã§ãããβ-ã©ã¯ã¿ããŒãŒèæ§ãæã¡ãã°ã©ã éœæ§èãç¹ã«ä»ã®ããã·ãªã³ç³»æçç©è³ªã«æçç©è³ªèæ§ãæã€ãããŠçèã®ææã«å¯Ÿããæ²»çã«çšããããã
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The organic compound citrulline is an α-amino acid. Its name is derived from citrullus, the Latin word for watermelon. Although named and described by gastroenterologists since the late 19th century, it was first isolated from watermelon in 1914 by Japanese researchers YatarÅ Koga (å€è³åœå€ªé) and RyÅ Åtake (倧嶜äº) and further codified by Mitsunori Wada of Tokyo Imperial University in 1930.
It has the formula H2NC(O)NH(CH2)3CH(NH2)CO2H. It is a key intermediate in the urea cycle, the pathway by which mammals excrete ammonia by converting it into urea. Citrulline is also produced as a byproduct of the enzymatic production of nitric oxide from the amino acid arginine, catalyzed by nitric oxide synthase. | ãã¿ã³ïŒè±: butaneãè±èªçºé³: [ËbjuËteɪn] ãã¥ãŒãã€ã³ïŒã¯ãçåæ°ŽçŽ ã®äžçš®ã§ãççŽ 4åãçŽéç¶ã«é£ãªã£ãã¢ã«ã«ã³ã§ãããn-ãã¿ã³ãšãåŒã°ãããç¡è²äžå¿«èã§ãããåžžæž©ã»åžžå§ã§æ°äœã§ãããæ§é ç°æ§äœãšããŠã€ãœãã¿ã³ïŒ2-ã¡ãã«ãããã³ãiso-ãã¿ã³ïŒãããããããã¯ç°æ§äœãæã€ã¢ã«ã«ã³ã§ã¯æãå°ãããå¯çæ§ç©è³ªã§ãããå§çž®ããŠæ¶²åããç¶æ
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Maltose is a glycosylglucose consisting of two D-glucopyranose units connected by an alpha-(1->4)-linkage. It has a role as a sweetening agent, a human metabolite, a Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite, an Escherichia coli metabolite and a mouse metabolite. It is a glycosylglucose and a maltooligosaccharide. | ããããªã³ïŒè±:papaverineïŒãšã¯è¡ç®¡æ¡åŒµã»é®çå€ã®ã²ãšã€ãã±ã·å±ã®æ€ç©ã«å«ãŸããã€ãœãããªã³ç³»ã®ã¢ã«ã«ãã€ãããªããªã€ãäœåæ§ã¯ãªãã
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2-Acetylpyridine is an organic compound with the formula CH3COC5H4N. It is a viscous colorless liquid that is widely used as a flavoring substance. It is found in malt and produced by the Maillard reaction and by nixtamalization. It contributes to the flavor of corn tortillas, popcorn, and beer. | ããããã¢ã¹ã³ã«ãã³é
žïŒããããã¢ã¹ã³ã«ãã³ãããè±: Dehydroascorbic acidãDHAïŒã¯ãã¢ã¹ã³ã«ãã³é
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Alizarin is a dihydroxyanthraquinone that is anthracene-9,10-dione in which the two hydroxy groups are located at positions 1 and 2. It has a role as a chromophore, a dye and a plant metabolite. | ãªãŒã«ã°é
ž(Lysergic acid)ã¯ã麊è§èãçç£ãããã«ãããã®ã³ãšãŠã¢ãµã¬ãªããœã©ã€ãã¢ãµã¬ãªçã®çš®åã§ãèŠããããšã«ãŽãªã³ã¢ã«ã«ãã€ãã®åé§äœã§ããã | 0 |
Xanthosine triphosphate is a natural product found in Homo sapiens and Bos taurus with data available. | ãã§ã³ã³ã³(Fenchone)ã¯ã倩ç¶ã«ååšããææ©ååç©ã§ãã¢ããã«ãã³åã³ã±ãã³ã«åé¡ããããæ²¹ç¶ã®éæãªæ¶²äœã§ãããæ§é ãåãã¯ãæšè³ã«äŒŒãã
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2-Hexanone is a natural product found in Humulus lupulus, Zea mays, and other organisms with data available. | ãœã©ã¬ã³(Psoralen)ã¯ãçŽç·åãã©ãã¯ããªã³ãšããŠç¥ããã倩ç¶ã«ååšããææ©ååç©ã®æ¯æ žæ§é ã§ãããæ§é çã«ã¯ãã¯ããªã³ã«ãã©ã³ç°ãèåããŠããããŠã³ããªãã§ãã³ã®èªå°äœãšèããããšãã§ããããªã©ã³ãããŠ(Psoralea corylifolia)ã®çš®åã«å«ãŸããä»ãã€ããžã¯ã®èãã»ããªããã»ãªããµã³ã·ã§ãŠãå
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Nile red is an organic heterotetracyclic compound that is 5H-benzo[a]phenoxazin-5-one substituted at position 9 by a diethylamino group. It has a role as a fluorochrome and a histological dye. It is an organic heterotetracyclic compound, a cyclic ketone, an aromatic amine and a tertiary amino compound. | ã¯ãã¹ããã«(Clostebol)ã¯ãã¢ã³ããã²ã³æ§ã®åæã¢ãããªãã¯ã¹ããã€ãã§ãããé
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2-cyclopentyl-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetic acid (1,1-dimethyl-3-pyrrolidin-1-iumyl) ester is a member of benzenes. | ã°ãªã³ããããŠã ïŒGlycopyrroniumïŒã¯ã第4çŽã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã ååç©ã§ãããã ã¹ã«ãªã³æ§æã³ãªã³è¬ã®äžã€ã§ãããCOPDã®é·æç®¡çã«çšããåžå
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Kasugamycin is an amino cyclitol glycoside that is isolated from Streptomyces kasugaensis and exhibits antibiotic and fungicidal properties. It has a role as a bacterial metabolite, a protein synthesis inhibitor and an antifungal agrochemical. It is an amino cyclitol glycoside, an aminoglycoside antibiotic, a monosaccharide derivative, a carboxamidine and an antibiotic fungicide. | ã€ããããã§ã³ïŒè±èª: ibuprofenïŒã¯ãããããªã³é
žç³»ã«åé¡ãããéã¹ããã€ãç³»æ¶çé®çå€ (NSAIDs) ã®1çš®ã§ãããæ¥æ¬ã§ã¯åæšåãã«ãã§ã³ã§ç¥ãããå»ççšã ãã§ãªãäžè¬å»è¬åãšããŠãåºãæµéããŠãããé¢ç¯çãçççããã³çºç±ã®çç¶ãç·©åãããŸãççéšäœã®é®çã«çšãããã€ããããã§ã³ã¯1960幎代ã«è±Boots Groupã®ç ç©¶éšéã«ããããããªã³é
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Paraoxon is an aryl dialkyl phosphate where both the alkyl groups are ethyl and the aryl group is 4-nitrophenyl. It has a role as an EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor and a mouse metabolite. It is an aryl dialkyl phosphate and an organophosphate insecticide. | éèçŽ é
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2-Naphthalenethiol is a member of naphthalenes. | ã«ããã³ïŒCathinoneïŒãšã¯ã(S)-1-ãã§ãã«-2-ã¢ãã-1-ããããã³ã§ãããã¢ããªã«åç£ã®æ€ç©ã®ã«ãŒãã«å«ãŸããã¢ã«ã«ãã€ãã®1çš®ã§ãããã€ã¹ã©ãšã«ã§ã¯hagigatïŒããã©ã€èª:××××תïŒãšãåŒã°ããã | 0 |
Diosgenin is a sapogenin that is spirostan which is substituted by a hydroxy group at the 3beta position, contains a double bond at the 5-6 position, and has R- configuration at position 25. A natural product found in Dioscorea (wild yam) species, it is used as the starting point for the commercial synthesis of a number of steroids, including cortisone, pregnenolone and progesterone. It has a role as an apoptosis inducer, an antiviral agent, an antineoplastic agent and a metabolite. It is a 3beta-sterol, a spiroketal, a hexacyclic triterpenoid and a sapogenin. It derives from a hydride of a spirostan. | ã¢ã»ãã«ã¢ã»ãã³ (acetylacetone) ã¯ååŠåŒ C5H8O2 ã§è¡šãããææ©ååç©ã§ããããžã±ãã³ã®äžçš®ã§ãIUPACå㯠2,4-ãã³ã¿ã³ãžãªã³ã§ããããã®å
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1-phenylpropan-2-amine is a primary amine that is isopropylamine in which a hydrogen attached to one of the methyl groups has been replaced by a phenyl group. | ãã¹ãã»ãªã³ïŒPhosphoserineïŒã¯ã»ãªã³ãšãªã³é
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Mebendazole is a carbamate ester that is methyl 1H-benzimidazol-2-ylcarbamate substituted by a benzoyl group at position 5. It has a role as an antinematodal drug, a tubulin modulator and a microtubule-destabilising agent. It is a member of benzimidazoles, a carbamate ester and an aromatic ketone. It derives from a hydride of a 1H-benzimidazole. | 4-ããã«ã°ã¢ã€ã¢ã³ãŒã«ã¯ååŠåŒC9H10O2ã§è¡šããããã§ããŒã«é¡ã®äžçš®ã§ããã4-VGãšãç¥èšãããããã§ããŒã«ã®2äœã«ã¡ããã·åºã4äœã«ããã«åºãæã€æ§é ããã2-ã¡ããã·-4-ããã«ãã§ããŒã«ãšãåŒã°ãããã°ã¢ã€ã¢ã³ãŒã«ã«ã¯ãã°ã¢ã€ã€ã³ãŒã«ããã°ã¢ã€ã³ãŒã«ãã®è¡šèšãããèŠãããã | 0 |
Azulene is a natural product found in Achillea asiatica, Basella alba, and other organisms with data available. | ããšã¿ã³ (thietane) ã¯ãäžã€ã®ç¡«é»ãå«ã飜åã®åå¡è€çŽ ç°åŒååç©ã§ãããããªã¡ãã¬ã³ã¹ã«ãã£ããšãåŒã°ããã | 0 |
L-topaquinone is a topaquinone that has S configuration. It is a topaquinone and a non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid. | ãã«ããã©ãŒãã ïŒFlutoprazepamïŒãšã¯ããã³ãŸãžã¢ãŒãã³ç³»ã®æäžå®è¬ã®äžçš®ã§ãããäœçšã®åŒ·ãããé·æéã®äœçšç¶ç¶æ§ãããæç¶æ§å¿èº«å®å®å€ãšãããŠãããæ§é玡ã«ããéçºãããæ¥æ¬ã§ã¯åååã¬ã¹ã¿ã¹ã§æ¥æ¬ãžã§ããªãã¯ïŒMSDãã移管ïŒããçºå£²ãããŠãããæé«è¡äžæ¿åºŠå°éæéã¯4ïœ8æéãåæžæã¯190æéçšåºŠã§ããã
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Edrophonium is a readily reversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitor. It prevents breakdown of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine and acts by competitively inhibiting the enzyme acetylcholinesterase, mainly at the neuromuscular junction. It is sold under the trade names Tensilon and Enlon (according to FDA Orange Book). | ã·ãªã³ã°é
žïŒã·ãªã³ã°ãããsyringic acidïŒã¯ã倩ç¶ã«ååšããO-ã¡ãã«åãããããªããããã·å®æ¯éŠé
žã§ãããã¢ãµã€ãŒãã¢ãµã€ãŒãªã€ã« (1,073 +/- 62 mg/kg) ã«å«ãŸããã | 0 |
Carbamoyl phosphate is a one-carbon compound and an acyl monophosphate. It has a role as an Escherichia coli metabolite and a mouse metabolite. It is a conjugate acid of a carbamoyl phosphate(2-). | ã€ã³ããªãžã³ïŒè±: indolizineïŒã¯è€çŽ ç°åŒè³éŠæææ©ååç©ã®äžçš®ã§ãããã€ã³ããŒã«ã®ç°æ§äœã«ãããã | 0 |
Arginine is the amino acid with the formula (H2N)(HN)CN(H)(CH2)3CH(NH2)CO2H. The molecule features a guanidino group appended to a standard amino acid framework. At physiological pH, the carboxylic acid is deprotonated (âCO2â) and both the amino and guanidino groups are protonated, resulting in a cation. Only the l-arginine (symbol Arg or R) enantiomer is found naturally. Arg residues are common components of proteins. It is encoded by the codons CGU, CGC, CGA, CGG, AGA, and AGG. The guanidine group in arginine is the precursor for the biosynthesis of nitric oxide. Like all amino acids, it is a white, water-soluble solid.
The one-letter symbol R was assigned to arginine for its phonetic similarity. | ãžãšãã¬ã³ã°ãªã³ãŒã«ã¢ãã¡ãã«ãšãŒãã« (Diethylene glycol monomethyl ether) ãšã¯ææ©ååç©ã®äžçš®ã§ããããžãšãã¬ã³ã°ãªã³ãŒã«ã®ããããã·åºã1åã¡ãã«åãããååç©ã
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Benznidazole is a monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of (2-nitroimidazol-1-yl)acetic acid with the aromatic amino group of benzylamine. Used for treatment of Chagas disease. It has a role as an antiprotozoal drug. It is a member of imidazoles, a C-nitro compound and a monocarboxylic acid amide. | ãã£ãŸã¹ãã°ãã³(è±: physostigmine)ãšã¯ãå¯éçã¢ã»ãã«ã³ãªã³ãšã¹ãã©ãŒãŒé»å®³å€ã®ã²ãšã€ã§ãããå¯äº€æç¥çµè奮äœçšã瀺ãã¢ã«ã«ãã€ãã§ãã«ãŒãã¡ãŒãé¡ã«å±ããããã€ãžã§ãªã¢ã®ã«ã©ãã«äžåž¯ã§çš®åã®æœåºæ¶²ãç¥æè£å€ã«çšããŠãããã¡ç§ã®ã«ã©ãã«ãã¡ïŒPhysostigma venenosumïŒãã1864幎ã«J. JobstãšO. Hesseã«ããçºèŠã»åœåããããã«ã©ãã«ãã¡ã®çŸå°åã«ã¡ãªã¿ããšãŒãªã³ïŒEserineïŒãšãåŒã°ããŠããã
1935幎ã«ã¢ã¡ãªã«ã®ããŒã·ãŒã»ã©ãŽã©ã³ã»ãžã¥ãªã¢ã³ïŒPercy Lavon JulianïŒãšJosef Piklã«ããåããŠååŠåæãããã | 0 |
Tetrabutylammonium is a quaternary ammonium ion. | ããã©ããã«ã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã ïŒè±: TetrabutylammoniumïŒã¯ãåååŒã[N(C4H9)4]+ã§è¡šããã第åçŽã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã ã«ããªã³ã§ããã[NBu4]+ïŒããã§ãBuã¯ããã«åºãæãïŒãšã衚èšããããå®éšå®€ã«ãããŠããã®ååç©ã¯ãç¡æ©ã¢ããªã³ã®è溶æ§å¡©ã調補ããããã«äœ¿çšããããããã©ãšãã«ã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã èªå°äœã«æ¯ã¹ãããã©ããã«ã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã å¡©ã¯ããèæº¶æ§ã ããçµæ¶åãã«ããç¹æ§ãããã | 1 |
Tolnaftate is a monothiocarbamic ester that is the methyl(3-tolyl)carbamothioate ester of 2-naphthol. A synthetic anti-fungal agent used to treat jock itch, athlete's foot and ringworm. It has a role as an antifungal drug. It is functionally related to a 2-naphthol. | ã¢ã ãªãã³ïŒAmrinoneïŒãšã¯åŒ·å¿è¬ã®1ã€ãæ£ç¢ºãªäœçšæ©åºã¯äžæã§ãããè¡ç®¡æ¡åŒµäœçšãæããããã¹ããžãšã¹ãã©ãŒãŒé»å®³äœçšãæãããé¬±è¡æ§å¿äžå
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Phenformin is an antidiabetic drug from the biguanide class. It was marketed as DBI by Ciba-Geigy, but was withdrawn from most markets in the late 1970s due to a high risk of lactic acidosis, which was fatal in 50% of cases.
Phenformin was developed in 1957 by Ungar, Freedman and Seymour Shapiro, working for the U.S. Vitamin Corporation. Clinical trials begun in 1958 showed it to be effective, but with gastrointestinal side effects. | ã¢ã¯ãã¬ã€ã³ (acrolein) ã¯ã¢ã«ãããã®äžçš®ã§ãäžé£œåã¢ã«ãããã®äžã§æãåçŽãªãã®ãIUPACåœåæ³ã§ã¯ 2-ãããããŒã« (2-propenal) ãšè¡šãããã»ããã¢ã¯ãªã«ã¢ã«ããã (acrylic aldehyde) ããããã³ã¢ã«ããã (propenaldehyde) ãšãåŒã°ãããååé㯠56.07 ã§ããã | 0 |
Dexamethasone is a fluorinated glucocorticoid medication used to treat rheumatic problems, a number of skin diseases, severe allergies, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), croup, brain swelling, eye pain following eye surgery, superior vena cava syndrome (a complication of some forms of cancer), and along with antibiotics in tuberculosis. In adrenocortical insufficiency, it may be used in combination with a mineralocorticoid medication such as fludrocortisone. In preterm labor, it may be used to improve outcomes in the baby. It may be given by mouth, as an injection into a muscle, as an injection into a vein, as a topical cream or ointment for the skin or as a topical ophthalmic solution to the eye. The effects of dexamethasone are frequently seen within a day and last for about three days.
The long-term use of dexamethasone may result in thrush, bone loss, cataracts, easy bruising, or muscle weakness. It is in pregnancy category C in the United States, meaning that it should only be used when the benefits are predicted to be greater than the risks. In Australia, the oral use is category A, meaning it has been frequently used in pregnancy and not been found to cause problems to the baby. It should not be taken when breastfeeding. Dexamethasone has anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressant effects.
Dexamethasone was first synthesized in 1957 by Philip Showalter Hench and was approved for medical use in 1958. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. In 2021, it was the 260th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 1 million prescriptions. It is available as a generic medication. | ã¡ã¬ãžããŒã¹(melezitose)ãŸãã¯ã¡ã¬ãããŒã¹(melicitose)ã¯ã暹液ãé£ããå€ãã®æè«é¡ã«ãã£ãŠäœãããééå
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Isocyanic acid is a chemical compound with the structural formula HNCO, which is often written as HâNO. It is a colourless, volatile and poisonous substance, with a boiling point of 23.5 °C. It is the predominant tautomer and an isomer of cyanic acid (aka. cyanol) (HâOâCâ¡N).
The derived anion of isocyanic acid is the same as the derived anion of cyanic acid, and that anion is [NO]â, which is called cyanate. The related functional group âNO is isocyanate; it is distinct from cyanate (âOâCâ¡N), fulminate (âOâN+â¡Câ), and nitrile oxide (âCâ¡N+âOâ).
Isocyanic acid was discovered in 1830 by Justus von Liebig and Friedrich Wöhler.
Isocyanic acid is the simplest stable chemical compound that contains carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen, the four most commonly found elements in organic chemistry and biology. It is the only fairly stable one of the four linear isomers with molecular formula HOCN that have been synthesized, the others being cyanic acid (cyanol, HâOâCâ¡N) and the elusive fulminic acid (HâCâ¡N+âOâ) and isofulminic acid HâOâN+â¡Câ. | ãžããã¢ã¡ã¿ã³ïŒDibromomethaneïŒã¯ãååŠåŒãCH2Br2ã®ããã¡ã¿ã³ã®äžã€ãèåã¡ãã¬ã³ãäºèåã¡ãã¬ã³ãªã©ãšãåŒã°ãããæ°Žã«ã¯å
ãããæº¶ããªãããåå¡©åççŽ ããšãŒãã«ãã¡ã¿ããŒã«ã«ã¯ããæº¶ããã屿çã¯1.5419 (20 °C, D)ã | 0 |
Miroprofen is a monocarboxylic acid that is propionic acid in which one of the hydrogens at position 2 is substituted by a 4-(imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-2-yl)phenyl group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug that also exhibits analgesic, antipyretic and platelet aggregation inhibition properties. It has a role as a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, an antipyretic, a non-narcotic analgesic and a platelet aggregation inhibitor. It is an imidazopyridine and a monocarboxylic acid. It is functionally related to a propionic acid. | ãžãããã«ããµã€ã·ã³(Dihydrocapsaicin)ã¯ãåèŸå(Capsicum)ã«å«ãŸããã«ããµã€ã·ãã€ãã§ãããã«ããµã€ã·ã³ãšåæ§ã«åºæ¿æ§ãããããžãããã«ããµã€ã·ã³ã¯ãåèŸåã«å«ãŸããã«ããµã€ã·ãã€ãã®çŽ22%ãå ãããã«ããµã€ã·ã³ãšè¿ãã埮åŠã«ç°ãªãèŸå³ãæã€ãçŽç²ãªãžãããã«ããµã€ã·ã³ã¯ã芪油æ§ã§ç¡è²ç¡èã®çµæ¶ç¶ããã¯ãã¯ã¹ç¶ã®ç©è³ªã§ããããžã¡ãã«ã¹ã«ããã·ãã100%ãšã¿ããŒã«ã«å¯æº¶ã§ããã | 0 |
Propylparaben is the benzoate ester that is the propyl ester of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid. Preservative typically found in many water-based cosmetics, such as creams, lotions, shampoos and bath products. Also used as a food additive. It has a role as an antifungal agent and an antimicrobial agent. It is a benzoate ester, a member of phenols and a paraben. It is functionally related to a propan-1-ol and a 4-hydroxybenzoic acid. | ã°ãªã»ã«ã¢ã«ãããïŒè±: glyceraldehydeïŒã¯ãææ©ååç©ã§ãäºäŸ¡ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ãã¢ã«ãããã®äžçš®ãäžæççŽ ãæã€æãç°¡åãªç³é¡ãã¢ã«ããŒã¹ã§ãããåååŒ C3H6O3ãååé 90.0779ãã°ãªã»ã«ã¢ã«ãããã¯ãã©ã«ãªååã§ãããèªç¶çã«ã¯éåžžDäœãååšãããD-ã°ãªã»ã«ã¢ã«ãããã®CASç»é²çªå·ã¯ [453-17-8]ã | 0 |
Triamcinolone is a glucocorticoid used to treat certain skin diseases, allergies, and rheumatic disorders among others. It is also used to prevent worsening of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It can be taken in various ways including by mouth, injection into a muscle, and inhalation.
Common side effects with long-term use include osteoporosis, cataracts, thrush, and muscle weakness. Serious side effects may include psychosis, increased risk of infections, adrenal suppression, and bronchospasm. Use in pregnancy is generally safe. It works by decreasing inflammation and immune system activity.
Triamcinolone was patented in 1956 and came into medical use in 1958. It is available as a generic medication. In 2022, it was the 102nd most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 6 million prescriptions. | ãã«ãã·ãã©ã³ïŒè±:MilnacipranïŒã¯ãã»ãããã³ã»ãã«ã¢ãã¬ããªã³ååã蟌ã¿é»å®³è¬(SNRI)ãšåŒã°ããæãã€è¬ã®1ã€ã§ãããæ¥æ¬ã§2000幎ã«åååãã¬ããã³ãšããŠè²©å£²ãããŠãããåŸçºå»è¬åãåºãŠãããæ¥æ¬ã§ã®é©å¿ã¯ããã€ç
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Linamarin is a cyanogenic glucoside found in the leaves and roots of plants such as cassava, lima beans, and flax. It is a glucoside of acetone cyanohydrin. Upon exposure to enzymes and gut flora in the human intestine, linamarin and its methylated relative lotaustralin can decompose to the toxic chemical hydrogen cyanide; hence food uses of plants that contain significant quantities of linamarin require extensive preparation and detoxification. Ingested and absorbed linamarin is rapidly excreted in the urine and the glucoside itself does not appear to be acutely toxic. Consumption of cassava products with low levels of linamarin is widespread in the low-land tropics. Ingestion of food prepared from insufficiently processed cassava roots with high linamarin levels has been associated with dietary toxicity, particularly with the upper motor neuron disease known as konzo to the African populations in which it was first described by Trolli and later through the research network initiated by Hans Rosling. However, the toxicity is believed to be induced by ingestion of acetone cyanohydrin, the breakdown product of linamarin. Dietary exposure to linamarin has also been reported as a risk factor in developing glucose intolerance and diabetes, although studies in experimental animals have been inconsistent in reproducing this effect and may indicate that the primary effect is in aggravating existing conditions rather than inducing diabetes on its own.
The generation of cyanide from linamarin is usually enzymatic and occurs when linamarin is exposed to linamarase, an enzyme normally expressed in the cell walls of cassava plants. Because the resulting cyanide derivatives are volatile, processing methods that induce such exposure are common traditional means of cassava preparation; foodstuffs are usually made from cassava after extended blanching, boiling, or fermentation. Food products made from cassava plants include garri (toasted cassava tubers), porridge-like fufu, the dough agbelima, and cassava flour.
Research efforts have developed a transgenic cassava plant that stably downregulates linamarin production via RNA interference. | ã¡ã¿ã¯ãªã«é
žã¡ãã«ïŒâããâãmethyl methacrylateãç¥ç§° MMAïŒã¯ãææ©ååç©ã®äžçš®ã§ãã¡ã¿ã¯ãªã«é
žã®ã¡ãã«ãšã¹ãã«ã«ããããäž»ã«ã¡ã¿ã¯ãªã«é
žã¡ãã«æš¹èïŒPMMAãã¢ã¯ãªã«æš¹èã®ä»£è¡šäŸïŒã補é ããããã®åæã¢ãããŒãšããŠçšãããããæ¶é²æ³ã«ãã第4é¡å±éºç© 第1ç³æ²¹é¡ã«è©²åœããã | 0 |
Xanthine is a natural product found in Eleutherococcus giraldii, Drosophila melanogaster, and other organisms with data available. | æ°Žé
žåç©ïŒãããããã¶ã€ãè±: hydroxideïŒãšã¯ãå¡©ã®ãã¡ãé°ã€ãªã³ãšããŠæ°Žé
žåç©ã€ãªã³ (OH-) ãæã€ååç©ã®ããšãéœã€ãªã³ãéå±ã€ãªã³ã®å Žåãäžè¬åŒã¯ Mx(OH)y ãšè¡šããããäžè¬ã«å¡©åºæ§ïŒã¢ã«ã«ãªæ§ïŒãããã¯äž¡æ§ãæã¡ãæ°Žé
žåãããªãŠã (NaOH) ãªã©ãã¢ã«ã«ãªéå±ãã¢ã«ã«ãªåé¡éå±ã®æ°Žé
žåç©ã¯åŒ·å¡©åºæ§ã瀺ããçµæåŒãæ°Žé
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žåç©ã®æ°Žåç© MxOyâ¢(H2O)z ãå«ãå Žåãããã
è±èªã® "hydroxide" ã«ã¯ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ããã§ããŒã«ãªã©ã®ããããã·åºãæã€ææ©ååç©ãå«ãŸããããæ¥æ¬èªã®ãæ°Žé
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Solanidine is a poisonous steroidal alkaloid chemical compound that occurs in plants of the family Solanaceae, such as potato and Solanum americanum. The sugar portion of glycoalkaloids hydrolyses in the body, leaving the solanidine portion. | ãœã©ããžã³ (solanidine) ã¯ãäž»ã«ãžã£ã¬ã€ã¢ã®è¡šç®ãèœãããªãºããªã©ã«å«ãŸããã¹ããã€ãã¢ã«ã«ãã€ãã®äžçš®ã§ãé
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Erythromycin is an antibiotic used for the treatment of a number of bacterial infections. This includes respiratory tract infections, skin infections, chlamydia infections, pelvic inflammatory disease, and syphilis. It may also be used during pregnancy to prevent Group B streptococcal infection in the newborn, and to improve delayed stomach emptying. It can be given intravenously and by mouth. An eye ointment is routinely recommended after delivery to prevent eye infections in the newborn.
Common side effects include abdominal cramps, vomiting, and diarrhea. More serious side effects may include Clostridioides difficile colitis, liver problems, prolonged QT, and allergic reactions. It is generally safe in those who are allergic to penicillin. Erythromycin also appears to be safe to use during pregnancy. While generally regarded as safe during breastfeeding, its use by the mother during the first two weeks of life may increase the risk of pyloric stenosis in the baby. This risk also applies if taken directly by the baby during this age. It is in the macrolide family of antibiotics and works by decreasing bacterial protein production.
Erythromycin was first isolated in 1952 from the bacteria Saccharopolyspora erythraea. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. In 2021, it was the 259th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 1 million prescriptions. | ã«ã«ããŸã¯ãã ïŒCarbazochromeïŒã¯ãè¡æ¶²äžã®è¡å°æ¿ãåéã»æ¥çããŠè¡æ ã圢æããããšã§è¡æµãæ¢ããå·å£ããã®åºè¡ãæ¢ããæ¢è¡è¬ã§ãããå°æ¥çã«ã¯ãå€ç§æè¡æã®éå°ãªè¡æµã®é²æ¢ãçã®æ²»çã«äœ¿çšãããããšãæåŸ
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Tris(2-aminoethyl)amine is the organic compound with the formula N(CH2CH2NH2)3. This colourless liquid is soluble in water and is highly basic, consisting of a tertiary amine center and three pendant primary amine groups. Tris(2-aminoethyl)amine is commonly abbreviated as tren or TREN. It is used a crosslinking agent in the synthesis of polyimine networks and a tripodal ligand in coordination chemistry. | ããã¢ãžã¯ããã¡ã¿ã³(Bromodichloromethane)ã¯ãCHBrCl2ã®åŒã§è¡šãããããªããã¡ã¿ã³ã§ããã
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Isoxathion is a chemical compound with the molecular formula C13H16NO4PS. It is an insecticide, specifically an isoxazole organothiophosphate insecticide. | ãšã¹ã·ã¿ããã©ã (Escitalopram) ãšã¯ãéžæçã»ãããã³ååã蟌ã¿é»å®³è¬ (SSRI) ãšåŒã°ããæãã€è¬ã®äžã€ã§ãããã¬ã¯ãµããã®åååã§è²©å£²ãããŠãããæ¥æ¬ã§ã¯2011幎4æãã販売ãããŠããã | 0 |
Gadoversetamide is a gadolinium coordination entity that consists of Gd(3+) coordinated to 3,6,9-triazaundecadiamide in which each of the amide nitrogens is substituted by a 2-methoxyethyl group and in which the nitrogens at positions 3, 6, and 9 are each substituted by carboxylatomethyl group. The gadolinium is coordinated to the three tertiary amino groups as well as to the carboxylate groups. A white odourless powder that is freely soluble in water, gadoversetamide has paramagnetic properties and is used as a contrast agent in magnetic resonance imaging. It distributes mainly in extracellular fluid, but does not cross the blood-brain barrier. It is used particularly in imaging the brain, spine and liver. It has a role as a MRI contrast agent. | ã¢ã ããžãã³ïŒè±èª: AmlodipineïŒã¯ãé·æéäœçšåãžãããããªãžã³ç³»ã«ã«ã·ãŠã ãã£ãã«æ®æè¬ã®1ã€ã§ãããäžçäžã§é«è¡å§æ²»çè¬ããã³çå¿çæ²»çè¬ãšããŠçšããããŠãããäžæççŽ ã1ã€æã€ããå
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Quisqualic acid is a non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid. | ã»ã¬ã®ãªã³ïŒè±: SelegilineïŒã¯ãããŒãã³ãœã³ç
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Fluorene is an ortho-fused tricyclic hydrocarbon that is a major component of fossil fuels and their derivatives It is an ortho-fused polycyclic arene and an ortho-fused tricyclic hydrocarbon. | é
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Yersiniabactin is a member of the class of thiazolidines that is (4S)-4-methyl-4,5-dihydro-1,3-thiazole-4-carboxylic acid which is substituted at position 2 by a (1S)-1-hydroxy-1-{(4R)-2-[(4R)-2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1,3-thiazol-4-yl]-1,3-thiazolidin-4-yl}-2-methylpropan-2-yl group. A siderophore found in the gram-negative bacterium species, Yersinia enterocolitica and Yersinia pestis. It has a role as a siderophore and a bacterial metabolite. It is a member of phenols, a member of thiazolidines, a monocarboxylic acid and a secondary alcohol. It is a conjugate acid of a yersiniabactin(1-). | ãšã«ã·ãã¢ãã¯ãã³ïŒYersiniabactinãYbt) ãšã¯ãã·ãããã¢ã®äžçš®ã§ããææ©ååç©ã§ãããç
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Heptadecane is a straight-chain alkane with 17 carbon atoms. It is a component of essential oils from plants like Opuntia littoralis and Annona squamosa. It has a role as a plant metabolite and a volatile oil component. | ããœã€ããšãã§ããªã³ (pseudoephedrine, PSE) ã¯ãå
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Sucrose is a glycosyl glycoside formed by glucose and fructose units joined by an acetal oxygen bridge from hemiacetal of glucose to the hemiketal of the fructose. It has a role as an osmolyte, a sweetening agent, a human metabolite, an algal metabolite, a Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite, an Escherichia coli metabolite and a mouse metabolite. | ã¢ãããµã³ïŒalloxanïŒã¯ãããªããžã³ã®é
žåèªå°äœã§ãããæ°Žæº¶æ¶²äžã§ã¯æ°Žåç©ãšããŠååšããã2,4,5,6-ããã©ãªãã·ããªããžã³ïŒ2,4,5,6-tetraoxypyrimidineïŒã2,4,5,6-ããªããžã³ãããã³ïŒ2,4,5,6-pyrimidinetetroneïŒãšãã | 0 |
Digallic acid is a polyphenolic compound found in Pistacia lentiscus. Digallic acid is also present in the molecule of tannic acid. Digalloyl esters involve either -meta, or -para depside bonds.
Tannase is an enzyme that uses digallate to produce gallic acid. This enzyme can also be used to produce digallic acid from gallotannins. | ããã«ãã¿ãŒã«(Vinylbital)ãŸãã¯ããã«ãã¿ãŒã«(Butylvinal)ã¯ããã«ãããŒã«é
žç³»ã®é®éå€ãç¡ç è¬ã§ããã1950幎代ã«Aktieboleget Pharmaciaã«ããéçºãããã | 0 |
Lithocholic acid, also known as 3α-hydroxy-5β-cholan-24-oic acid or LCA, is a bile acid that acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for absorption. Bacterial action in the colon produces LCA from chenodeoxycholic acid by reduction of the hydroxyl functional group at carbon-7 in the "B" ring of the steroid framework.
It has been implicated in human and experimental animal carcinogenesis. Preliminary in vitro research suggests that LCA selectively kills neuroblastoma cells, while sparing normal neuronal cells and is cytotoxic to numerous other malignant cell types at physiologically relevant concentrations.
Dietary fiber can bind to lithocholic acid and aid in its excretion in stool; as such, fiber can protect against colon cancer.
LCA (and LCA acetate and LCA propionate) can activate the vitamin D receptor without raising calcium levels as much as vitamin D itself.
LCA binds with high affinity (20 ÎŒM) to the human membrane enzyme NAPE-PLD, enhancing dimer assembly and enabling catalysis. NAPE-PLD catalyzes the release of anandamide and other N-acylethanolamines (NAE) from the membrane precursor N-acylphosphatidylethanolamine (NAPE). NAPE-PLD facilitates crosstalk between bile acid signals and lipid amide signals.
LCA was also shown to have anti-aging effects in a yeast study. A later study showed that the bile acid accumulates in the inner and outer mitochondrial membranes, altering the mitochondria's lipid composition by promoting or inhibiting various enzymes. | ã«ã€ãã³é
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